Over the counter

1. Benzoyl peroxide
Ths active ingredient is mild on the skin, working to unplug pores and reduce inflammation. Dr Robert Sinclair, director of dermatology at St Vincent’s Hospital in Sydney, points out that benzoyl peroxide is a preventative product so shouldn’t be used on existing blemishes. Instead, apply it to pimple-prone areas for a longer-term solution. If your skin hasn’t improved after six weeks, see your GP.

Advantages: Easy to use; antibacterial; available in varying concentrations.
Disadvantages: Only effective on mild acne; can be drying and irritating.
Product examples: Benzac AC Gel 2.5% 50g, $10.75; Dermalogica MediBac Special Skin Clearing Booster with 5% benzoyl peroxide, $85.95, 30ml.

2. Retinaldehyde vitamin A
With a long history of use as a skin treatment, vitamin A products target woes from pimples to wrinkles, while retinaldehyde serum works on the oil glands to keep pores clear. Robyn Brissett, beauty therapist and examiner for the Advanced Association of Beauty Therapists, recommends controlled use to avoid side effects. These can include skin irritation, dryness and increased risk of sunburn.

Advantages: Unblocks pores; is effective on severe acne in oral form (Isotretinoin).
Disadvantages: Not recommended for mild acne; side-effects of Isotretinoin increase during pregnancy.
Product examples: Ultraceuticals Ultra A Facial Cream with AHA, retinol, vitamin E & green tea extract $95, 50ml; MD Formulations Vit-A-Plus Clearing Complex, $160, 30ml.